Steric Hindrance

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  • The figure shows a comparison of the effect of solvation on the “stericaly hindered”, t-butoxide anion and the methoxide anion.
  • Solvent molecules easily approach the negatively charged oxygen atom in the smaller methoxide anion.
  • If alkyl substituents, replaces hydrogen, the acidity of dissolved alcohols decreases.
  • The order of acidity in solution is (MeOH>EtOH>i0PrOH>t-BuOH),
  • Solvation and intermolecular association are important contributing factors.
  • The steric effect is reversed in the gaseous phase, where effects are observed in “isolated molecules”.

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